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TrueNAS is a free and open-source network-attached storage (NAS) software based on FreeBSD and the OpenZFS file system. It is licensed under the terms of the BSD License and runs on commodity x86-64 hardware. TrueNAS supports Windows, macOS and Unix clients and various virtualization hosts such as XenServer and VMware using the SMB, AFP, NFS, iSCSI, SSH, rsync and FTP/TFTP protocols. Advanced TrueNAS features include full-disk encryption and a plug-in architecture for third-party software.
The OpenZFS file system
TrueNAS supports the OpenZFS filesystem which provides data integrity checking to prevent data corruption, enable point in time snapshotting, replication and several levels of redundancy including striping, mirroring, striped mirrors (RAID 1+0), and three levels of RaidZ
User experience
TrueNAS is managed through a comprehensive web interface that is supplemented by a minimal shell console that handles essential administrative functions. The web interface supports storage pool configuration, user management, sharing configuration and system maintenance. As an embedded system appliance, TrueNAS boots from a USB Flash device or SATA DOM. This image is configured using a USB Flash/CD-ROM bootable installer. The TrueNAS operating system is fully independent of its storage disks, allowing its configuration database and encryption keys to be backed up and restored to a fresh installation of the OS. This separation also allows for TrueNAS system upgrades to be performed through the web interface.
History
The TrueNAS project was started in October 2005 by Olivier Cochard-Labbé who based it on the m0n0wall embedded firewall and FreeBSD 6.0. Volker Theile joined the project in July 2006 and became the project lead in April 2008. In September 2009, the development team concluded that the project, then at release .7, was due for a complete rewrite in order to accommodate modern features such as a plug-in architecture. Volker Theile decided that the project best be reimplemented using Debian Linux and shifted his development efforts to the interim CoreNAS project and eventually OpenMediaVault where he continues as the project lead. Cochard-Labbé responded to community objections to "The Debian version of TrueNAS" and resumed activity in the project and oversaw its transfer to TrueNAS user iXsystems.Developers Daisuke Aoyama and Michael Zoon continued developing TrueNAS 7 as the NAS4Free project. Meanwhile, iXsystems rewrote TrueNAS with a new architecture based on FreeBSD 8.1, releasing TrueNAS 8 Beta in November 2010. The plug-in architecture arrived with TrueNAS 8.2 and TrueNAS versioning was synchronized with FreeBSD for clarity. TrueNAS 8.3 introduced full-disk encryption and FreeBSD 9.1-based TrueNAS 9.1 brought an updated plug-in architecture that is compatible with the TrueOS Warden jail management framework. TrueNAS 9.1 was also the first version of TrueNAS to use the community-supported OpenZFS v5000 with Feature Flags. TrueNAS 9.2, based on FreeBSD 9.2 included performance improvements and introduced a REST API for remote system administration.TrueNAS 9.3, based on FreeBSD 9.3 introduced a ZFS-based boot device, an initial Setup Wizard and a high-performance in-kernel iSCSI server. TrueNAS 9.10, based on FreeBSD 10.3-RC3 brought an end to the TrueNAS/FreeBSD synchronized naming and introduced Graphite monitoring support and experimental support for the bhyve hypervisor.
In October 2015, ten years after the original TrueNAS release, TrueNAS 10 ALPHA was released, providing a preview of what would become TrueNAS Corral GA on March 15, 2017.TrueNAS Corral introduced a new graphical user interface, command-line interface, underlying middleware, container management system and virtual machine management system.TrueNAS Corral departs from TrueNAS by providing not only NAS functionality but also hyper-converged functionality thanks to its integrated virtual machine support. However, on April 12, 2017 iXsystems announced that TrueNAS Corral would instead be relegated to being a 'Technology Preview', citing issues such as "general instability, lack of feature parity with 9.10 (Jails, iSCSI, etc), and some users experiencing lower performance than expected"and the departure of the project lead. Instead, the decision was made to revert to the existing 9.10 code and bring Corral features to 9.10.3 and further.
In May 2017, iX Systems announced that TrueNAS 11 would be imminently released, which was based on 9.10 but included features such as an update of the FreeBSD operating system, virtual machine management, updates to jails, and a new beta user interface along the lines of Corral but based on Angular JS.
Architecture
The 8.0 reimplementation of TrueNAS moved the project from a m0n0BSD/m0n0wall/PHP-based architecture to one based on FreeBSD's NanoBSD embedded build system, the Python programming language, the Django web application framework and the dōjō toolkit (JavaScript library).It also used the lighttpd web server, but this was replaced with nginx in TrueNAS 8.2. The terminated successor to 9.10.2, known as TrueNAS Corral, retained the nginx web server and ZFS-based boot device of TrueNAS but replaces the Django/dōjō web application framework with an original one. TrueNAS 11 implemented a new interface using Angular JS.
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